@article{ author = {Khani, Lotfali and Hashemianfar, Ali and Ghaffari, Mozaffar and Smaili, Reza and Ansari, Ebrahim}, title = {Designing an Organ Donation Model Based on Variables of Social Ethics, Altruism, and Religiousness}, abstract ={    Background and purpose: Social ethics, altruism, and religious beliefs are the most effective factors in human behavior and can play a fundamental role in promoting the culture of organ donation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of social ethics and altruism in attitudes towards organ donation with mediation of religiousness.     Materials and methods: This descriptive, correlational study was based on the structural model, which was performed on 323 medical students of Azad and state universities in Maraghe and Bonab in 2015. The participants were chosen through multi-stage cluster sampling. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire on students’ attitudes toward social ethics, Carlo et al. altruism scale, Tihana et al. organ donation attitude questionnaire, and religious beliefs’ scale of Nielsen. The suggested model was assessed by performing structural equation modeling using AMOS, version 22. Bootstrapping was used to test mediation path in the suggested model.       Results: The direct effect of social ethics (0.55), altruism (0.37), religion beliefs (0.02) on students’ attitudes towards organ donation was significant (P<0.01). The indirect effect of social ethics (0.016) and altruism (0.03) with mediation of religiousness was significant, as well. On the whole, 78% of the variance in attitudes towards organ donation in students was determined by the proposed variables of this model.       Conclusion: Variables of social ethics, altruism, and religious beliefs affect students’ attitudes towards organ donation. Thus, it seems that promotion of social ethics, altruism, and religious beliefs leads to the increased tendency of students towards organ donation.  }, Keywords = {Altruism, Organ donation, Religiousness, Social ethics}, volume = {4}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-299-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-299-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Religion and Health}, issn = {2345-5268}, eissn = {2345-5276}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Darabinia, Morteza and Gholami, Shirzad and HeidariGorji, Ali Mor}, title = {Evaluation of Islamic Spiritual Self-care (Musharatah) in the Students of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={     Background and Purpose: Self-care in religious texts is a comprehensive and unique system, which is derived from the surveillance of God upon one’s actions and control of one's own actions. Since self-care in Islamic teachings has a fundamental role in self-esteem, this study aimed to evaluate the rate of Islamic spiritual self-control in the students of the University of Medical Sciences of Mazandaran, Iran with respect to self-conditioning (Musharatah) in the academic year 2015-2016.       Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 269 students of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, using stratified random sampling method. For data collection, a validated questionnaire, which was rated on a 5-point Likert scale was employed. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, independent t-test, one sample t-test, and regression through SPSS software version 16.       Results: The results of this study demonstrated that the mean of Islamic spiritual self-care in terms of self-conditioning (Musharatah) with the value of 37.31 was lower than the average (df=269; P=0.00). In this study, the students of the Faculty of Dental Medicine had the highest self-control scores; however, those of the Faculty of Public Health had the lowest selfcontrol scores. Furthermore, the Islamic spiritual self-care showed a significant correlation with the age and different faculties; however, no significant relationship was found between the parental literacy level and other demographic characteristics including gender.      Conclusion: As the findings of the present study demonstrated, the Islamic spiritual self-care regarding self-conditioning (Musharatah) was lower than the average in the students of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Regarding this, future studies are recommended to focus on introducing and explaining the benefits of the self-conditioning for students to enable them improving their self-esteem and self-care.}, Keywords = {Internal control, Islamic self-care, Self-conditioning (stipulation), Self-esteem, Student}, volume = {4}, Number = {1}, pages = {12-20}, publisher = {Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-300-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-300-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Religion and Health}, issn = {2345-5268}, eissn = {2345-5276}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Dashti, Saeid and Moeini, Babak and Shahrabadi, Reza and Biranvandpour, Noshin and VejdaniAram, Fateme and Faradmal, Javad and Motaharipour, Mortez}, title = {A Study on the Relationship between Spiritual Health and Attitudes towards Women’s Dress Code among Female Students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={      Background and Purpose: Since observing the Islamic dress code is derived from the people’s attitudes, it is essential to study their attitude towards this issue and the associated factors in order to establish this Islamically recommended behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual health and attitudes towards women’s dress code among the female students of medical sciences.       Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 160 college students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in 2014, who were selected using cluster sampling method. The data collection was performed using demographic characteristics from, spiritual health questionnaire, and self-reports about attitude towards dress code. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA test, and Pearson correlation through SPSS version 16.       Results: According to the results, 58.8% (94 cases) and 38.1% (61 cases) of the students had moderate and high spiritual health, respectively. Mean scores of the students' religious health and existence aspect of spiritual wellbeing were 8.55±57.41 and 10.37±50.6, respectively. Test results indicated that the spiritual health had a statistically significant correlation with attitude toward dress code and literacy level.       Conclusion: As the findings of the present study indicated, attitudes towards dress code are associated with spiritual health among the college students, indicating the importance of spirituality among the students. Regarding this, considering the spiritual education in university courses seems necessary.}, Keywords = {Spiritual health, Students, Veil}, volume = {4}, Number = {1}, pages = {21-28}, publisher = {Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-301-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-301-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Religion and Health}, issn = {2345-5268}, eissn = {2345-5276}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Malmer, Tayebeh and Hassanzadeh, Ramzaneh and Heydar, Jabbar}, title = {Prediction of Life Satisfaction Based on Self-esteem and Spiritual Intelligence}, abstract ={      Background and Purpose: Spiritual intelligence and self-esteem are complementary to human’s life, which give meaning to its various aspects. They enable people to use their experiences for finding a solution to life’s difficulties and feel satisfied. Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to predict life satisfaction based on spiritual intelligence and selfesteem.       Materials and Methods: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted on the Master of Science students, who were newly admitted to Islamic Azad University of Roodehen, Iran, using the convenience sampling method. For data collection, the Life Satisfaction Test, Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, and Self-esteem Scale were employed. The data were analyzed using Pearson product-moment correlation, multiple regression analysis, and independent t-test.       Results: According to the results of the study, the spiritual intelligence and self-esteem had a positive effect of 0.22 on life satisfaction, which is statistically significant. According to the coefficient of determination, it was found that 22% of the variance of the students’ life satisfaction could be explained by predictor variables (i.e., spiritual intelligence and self-esteem). Furthermore, the spiritual intelligence (t=7.28) and self-esteem (t=4.54) were found to be the statistically significant predictor variables (P=0.001).      Conclusion: As the results of the present study demonstrated, the spiritual intelligence and self-esteem are considered as predictors of life satisfaction among students.}, Keywords = {Life satisfaction, Self-esteem, Spiritual intelligence}, volume = {4}, Number = {1}, pages = {29-35}, publisher = {Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-302-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-302-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Religion and Health}, issn = {2345-5268}, eissn = {2345-5276}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Farasatkish, Fatemeh and Pirani, Zabihollah and KhodabakhshiKoolaee, Anahit}, title = {Relationship of Psychological Well-being and Happiness with Religious Orientation among Female Students}, abstract ={       Background and Purpose: Nowadays, happiness as one of the positive psychology factors is of fundamental importance. Therefore, identifying the factors affecting this concept would be considerably helpful in the enhancement of well-being. Regarding this, the aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship of psychological well-being and happiness with religious orientation in female students.       Materials and Methods: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted on 200 students of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, who were selected through cluster sampling method in 2014-2015. Data collection was performed using three research instruments including Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scale, Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, and Allport's Religious Orientation Scale. Data analysis was performed through Pearson product-moment correlation and regression analysis.       Results: According to the results, there was a significant direct correlation between psychological well-being, happiness, and internal religious orientation (r=0.325, P<0.05). However, psychological well-being, happiness, and external religious orientation were indirectly correlated (r=0.0137, P<0.05). In addition, a significant positive correlation was observed between happiness and psychological well-being (r=0.263, P<0.05).      Conclusion: As the findings of the present study indicated, religious orientation and happiness are associated with psychological well-being. Consequently, religion and happiness should be more considered in planning the preventive programs (primary and secondary).}, Keywords = {Happiness, Psychological well-being, Religious orientation}, volume = {4}, Number = {1}, pages = {36-46}, publisher = {Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-303-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-303-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Religion and Health}, issn = {2345-5268}, eissn = {2345-5276}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Abbaszadeh, Mohammad and AlizadehAghdamm1,, Mohammad Bagher and Dolati, Ali and Mousavi, Arezoo}, title = {Studying the Role of Piety in Increasing the Hope for Future among Citizens of Azarshahr, Iran}, abstract ={      Background and PurPose: One of the most important issues in the modern age is hope for future and its reflection on individuals’ daily lives. Generally, hopefulness, which is influenced by several factors, is an essential component in increasing the quality of life. Piety is one of the significant factors, which is closely associated with this concept. Regarding this, the present study aimed to investigate the role of piety in the hope for future.       Materials and Methods: This survey was conducted on 380 citizens of Azarshahr with an age group of 20-60 years, who were selected using clustering sampling method.       Results: The results of ANOVA demonstrated that there was a significant and positive relationship between the piety and hopefulness and its dimensions (P<0.05) (i.e., strategic thinking [P<0.05], reflection factor [P<0.05]), which indicates that with the increase of piety among the subjects, hopefulness was increased as well. Furthermore, there was a high correlation between the variables.      Conclusion: As the findings of the current study indicated, to increase people's hopefulness, it is essential to strengthen the religious beliefs in the process of socialization, fortify faith, and encourage people to participate in religious affairs at early age.}, Keywords = {Citizens of Azarshahr, Hopefulness, Piety, Reflection factor, Strategic thinking}, volume = {4}, Number = {1}, pages = {47-56}, publisher = {Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-304-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-304-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Religion and Health}, issn = {2345-5268}, eissn = {2345-5276}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {RajabtabarDarvishi, Fateme and Yahyazade, Soleyman and Hoseini, Hamze}, title = {A survey of Relationship between Child Upbringing Styles and Religious Attitude and Mental Health in Girl Students}, abstract ={        Background and Purpose: According to the psychologists, the parents’ actions have a significant impact on shaping up children’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and the religious attitude and mental health in female students of second grade secondary school in Babol.         Materials and Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 336 female students in Babol, using simple random sampling method. For data collection, the General Health Questionnaire-28, Baumrind’s Parenting Style Inventory, and Seraj’s religious attitude survey were employed. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and Pearson product-moment correlation through SPSS version 16.         Results: According to the results of the study, there was a negative correlation between the dictatorial parenting styles and mental health (r=-0.122, P<0.026). However, the authoritative (r=-0/036, P<0/515) and permissive (r=-0.049, P<0.375) parenting styles demonstrated no significant correlation with mental health. Furthermore, religious attitude was revealed to have a positive correlation between the dictatorial (r=0.183, P<0.001) and authoritative (r=0.142, P<0.009) parenting styles. Nevertheless, there was no significant relationship between the permissive parenting styles and religious attitude.       Conclusion: As the findings of the present study demonstrated, parenting styles were effective in religious attitude and mental health of the female students. It is concluded that parents should be provided with necessary trainings in order to improve their parenting styles.  }, Keywords = {Mental health, Parenting styles, Religious attitude}, volume = {4}, Number = {1}, pages = {57-64}, publisher = {Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-305-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-305-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Religion and Health}, issn = {2345-5268}, eissn = {2345-5276}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Bagherinia, Hassan and Jalilvand, Hosei}, title = {Dreaming As a Belief Pathology According to Islamic Sources}, abstract ={     Damage on the beliefs of an individual or a community can affect the public health. The main objective of this study was to explain and comment on dreaming as a belief-related pathology in religious beliefs sanity. By relying on the eternal power of God, the religious person is exposed to a kind of damage, which makes him to feel himself eligible for the enjoyment of some blessings, which he did not strive for. To obtain an accurte meaning of the concept, a network of semantic analysis and comparison of synonyms and antonyms were performed. It was considered that the meaning of words is not achieved only by referring to dictionaries. The results demonstrated that there are differences between the “dreaming” and "hope". For example, the concept of hope embodies “try and act”. Since even the concepts of “fear and hope” often come together, hope and dreaming are distinct.       As the findings of the study indicated, the main consequences of dreaming in religious education and beliefs sanity are self-centeredness as well as individual and collective narcissism that can bring about detrimental personal and social consequences.}, Keywords = {Dreaming, Hope, Pathology, Religious Training}, volume = {4}, Number = {1}, pages = {65-72}, publisher = {Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-306-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-306-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Religion and Health}, issn = {2345-5268}, eissn = {2345-5276}, year = {2016} }